Many sleeping pills have a negative influence on the sleep architecture, and cause non-restorative sleep.

Rebound insomnia is defied as a worsening of (at least) one of the following parameters compared to the time before srarting drug treatment:

• sleep latency = time until you fall asleep
• nocturnal awakenings = waking up at night
• total sleep time

And you have to feel either

• sensation of non-restorative sleep
• diurnal fatigue
• worsening of anxiety / tension

Drugs with moderate or severe rebound insomnia effects are :

Benzodiazepines

• Triazolam (Halcion)
• Midazolam (Dormicum)
• Brotizolam (Dormex, Noctilan, Lendomin)
• Loprazepam (Dormonoct)
• Lormetazepam (Noctanid)
• Flunitrazepam (Rohypnol, Fluscand)

  Non-benzodiazepines
  

• Zopiclone

Sometimes, withdrawal effects or hang-over cause additional complaints for the patients.