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Here is a list of psychology articles in Web4Health containing all answers to common Web4Health questions.
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add - Addiction
Adult children of alcoholics and drug addicts; consequences of suppressed childhood memories; role alcoholic family
Feelings, thoughts, experiences and assumptions from childhood affect all of us, throughout life. Children carry these experiences into adult life. If the experiences come from an environment with an addictive parent, this secret can be transferred into their adult life.
How to Stop Drinking
How to stop drinking, how to say no when someone offers alcohol? This page gives answers on how to say no to people who try to push you to drink.
What Happens to Alcohol when it Enters the Body? Physical Effects of Alcohol
How long time it takes for alcohol to pass through the stomach to the blood and finally being metabolized by the liver.
Antabuse/Disulfiram
A medicine which causes unpleasant symptoms if you drink alcohol. Should only be prescribed by a doctor.
Positive and Negative effects of Alcohol Use
Alcohol can have effects which people regard as positive or negative.
Helping People with an Alcohol Addiction
If you try to help a person to stop drinking, make sure that you really help the person solve problems in a better way than drinking.
Alcoholism Stages and Causes of Alcoholism
It takes years to become an alcoholic.
Is Alcoholism Hereditary?
Children of alcohol-dependent parents run a higher risk of developing an
alcohol problem than other children.
Liver Cirrhosis - a Risk for Alcoholics
Liver cirrhosis, a chronic breakdown of liver functions caused by prolonged excessive alcohol usage.
Long Term Alcohol Abuse Effects
Prolonged alcohol abuse exposes you to a high risk of damage to the body and the brain.
Articles on Alcoholism, Facts about Alcohol, All about Alcohol
All articles, all facts about alcohol and alcohol addiction.
How Long should I Stop Drinking to Get Rid Of my Dependence?
No fixed time, but the longer you wait, the less problems you have with not using alcohol.
Alcohol Effects
Effects of alcohol on the body
Do People with an Alcohol Problem often have Psychological/Psychiatric Problems?
A large-scale American and Dutch investigation shows that people with alcohol problems have psychiatric disorders almost twice as much as people without alcohol problems.
Alcohol and the Brain: Wernicke-Korsakoff Syndrome
The Wernicke - Korsakoff syndrome, a brain disorder caused by alcohol abuse, can be treated if caught in an early stage.
Alcohol Addictions
There are established conditions for defining alcohol dependence.
Why do People Drink Alcohol?
Sociability is the most common reason for drinking alcohol.
Withdrawal Symptoms when Quitting Alcohol
Most symptoms of alcohol abuse will disappear within seven to ten days after quitting. Exercise can reduce withdrawal symptoms.
Negative Effects Marijuana/Cannabis/Haschish
Long term use of cannabis (marijuana, haschish) can increase negative feelings, can lead to dangerous driving, can cause cancer, and more.
Facts about Marijuana
A list of links to answers with different facts about marijuana.
The Effects of Cannabis on Your Mood?
Cannabis intake can intensify the emotional situation you already are in for one or two hours.
Cannabis/Marijuana and Psychosis or Paranoia and other harmful effects
Among harmful effects of marijuana is that cannabis use can precipitate psychosis (paranoia) in vulnerable people.
How does Marijuana Affect Your Body? What are the Marijuana Physical Effects?
Marijuana will affect your body and several ways, listed in this text.
Effects of Marijuana on the Body ; Marijuana Effects
A week after smoking cannabis only 60-70% of the THC has left the body because it is stored in the body fat. It takes about 4-6 weeks before THC is undetectable in the blood. On the other hand, the psychoactive marijuana effects are gone after a couple of hours.
The Differences Between Hashish and Weed (Marijuana)
Hashish and weed (marijuana) originate from the same plant and contain the same active substance. The difference lies in the production process.
Techniques Casinos Use to get Us to Gamble
In order to make us gamble as much as possible the casinos use a number of elaborate techniques. Some of them are presented here.
Causes of Alcoholism and Drug Addiction
A collection of articles about the causes of alcoholism and drug abuse.
Should I Forbid my Child to Use Certain Substances/Drugs/Narcotics?
In certain circumstances or until a certain age it can be good and have the desired effect to forbid your child to use drugs.
Teenage Drug Abuse: What to do if Your Child/Children Starts Experimenting with Drugs
When your child is experimenting with whatever substance, it is important
to talk about that. It is the only way to find out how important the
substance is for your child.
Articles about Children of Alcohol and Drug Addicts
A list of articles about problems for children to drug and alcohol addicts.
Prevent Children from Using Recreational Drugs
Education and a positive self image will help preventing children from using recreational drugs.
Distinguishing between Use and Abuse of Recreational Drugs or Narcotics; Teenage Alcoholism
Forbidding children to use drugs does not always help.
Excessive Use of Drugs
Excessive Use of Drugs: Factors to look for.
Children of alcoholics
To be confirmed and to feel that you are all right just the way you are is required for a child to move further in its development. This process can be seriously disturbed for children who grow up in a family where at least one of the parents is an active addict.
To help and protect children of alcoholic parents; role of the children and their care-giver
It is important to help and protect children of alcoholic parents. When a child comes to you for help, you must make sure that the child understands that you are ready to listen if he/she wants to talk about something. To be on time and keep promises also signals that you are available and reliable.
Cocaine Addiction: Effects of Smoking Cocaine
Smoking cocaine can cause lung damage, just like smoking tobacco.
When the Use of Cocaine Gets Out of Hand
The only good advice is to stop using cocaine. To succeed in stopping to use cocaine, you need to change your life style, too.
Is it Possible to Overdose by Sniffing Cocaine?
Sniffing cocaine can result in an overdose. It is called an overdose when the effects of the cocaine turn out badly or when the used dose is lethal. Both are possible when sniffing cocaine.
Almost Impossible to use Cocaine Without Addiction
A moderate use of cocaine, tobacco and heroin is almost always
impossible. Only 10% of the people who start to use them become moderate users.
Addiction Cocaine Treatment
Treatment of cocaine addiction is similar to treatment of other narcotics. It takes many weeks to get rid of the addiction. Problems come back after about 10 weeks.
Educators/Teachers who Smoke or Drink
The behaviour of teachers influences the children.
Help and treatment for adult children of alcoholics
With help and treatment, adult children of alcoholics can be reconciled with their past. They need to see and to understand the connection between childhood and their situation today.
Gambling Addiction Articles
List of links to pages with articles and facts about compulsive gambling.
Living with a Gambler; Living with a Gambling Spouse-Husband-Wife
Other people often see the problem before the gambler, and can talk to them and explain to them that they have a problem.
Gambling Addiction Problem Development
Several phases of gambling addiction are described.
Gambling addiction information
A collection of articles with gambling addiction information, about compulsive gambling its causes and treatment, including medicines against gambling addiction.
Medicines against Compulsive Gambling / Gambling Addiction
Naltrexone was in one study found to be efficient treatment of compulsive gambling. Naltrexone was more effective than SSRI-s, but a combination of Naltrexone and SSRI-s may be even more effektive.
Gambling Compulsions: Why Keep on Gambling, Why not Stopping?
Various false beliefs and stimulation through excitement tend to keep people gambling.
RET: Rational Emotive Therapy for Compulsive Gambling - Gambling Addiction and other Addictive Disorders
The principle of RET: rational emotive therapy, is the relationship between thinking, feeling and action.
Compulsive Gambling Symptoms Test
A test with twenty questions to check if you are a compulsive gambler. The test is based on a list of symptoms of compulsive gambling.
Preventing and Treating Gambling Addiction
This answer gives a list of tips to avoid and handle gambling problems.
Gambling Addiction Treatment
The best gambling addiction treatment is to stop yourself. But if this does not help, other help is described here.
When does Gambling Become Gambling Addiction?
Gambling becomes an addiction when you cannot have a budget and stick to it.
How Addictive are Different Drugs/Narcotics?
The motives for drug usage can influence how addictive a certain drug is
for a certain person.
What should you do if you are Afraid to Admit your Addiction?
Why addicts do not tell other people of their addiction.
Cognitive Therapy for Addiction
Description of cognitive therapy for addictions.
Can a Depression Cause the Development of an Addiction?
Yes, depression can lead a person to start an addiction.
Addictive Drugs
Drugs which can cause addiction, legal and illegal, used for pleasure or for medical treatment. This includes narcotics, alcohol, tranquilizers, nicotine, caffeine, etc. Food, such as fast food and sugar, can also be addictive.
Should an Addict Kick the Habit Voluntarily or Involuntarily?
An addict should kick the habit voluntarily. The effect of forced
treatment does not last.
How to Handle Drug Dealers: My Friend has been Dealing Drugs -- What should I do?
You have a friend who is dealing drugs. You can explain to him the risks with drugs, or threaten with actions if he does not stop.
Can Drugs/Narcotics Cause Heart Problems/Heart Attacks?
Speed (amphetamines) and cocaine can cause heart pain, both directly and
indirectly by causing panic.
Addiction Recovery Solutions: Addicted Once, Addicted Forever?
It is possible to break an addiction. And occasional relapses does not mean that the addiction cannot eventually be broken completely.
Are there any Non-Addictive Drugs?
Almost any drug can be addictive for some people. In particular, any drugs which cause feelings of well-being can be addictive.
Drug Alcohol Rehab Center
Rehabilitation centers create circumstances where it is easier to get rid of an addiction.
Signs of Drug Abuse; Symptoms of Alcoholism; Drug Abuse Dectection
There are symptoms, different for different drugs, but in general you need
to ask people to find out if they have used a certain drug.
Recovery Addiction Methods and Therapies
Types of therapies for alcohol drug abuse treatment, including medicines used to aid withdrawal.
Alcoholism and Drug Addiction Treatment for People who also have other Psychiatric or Psychological Problems
Addicted people often have other psychiatric problems, and they need to be treated together with the treatment of addiction.
Alcoholism Drug Addiction Treatment; Alcohol Drug Abuse Treatment
Overview of main ingredients in the treatment of alcoholism and addiction.
The Difference Between Use and Abuse of Addictive Drugs/Narcotics?
This is a controversial issue, different people have different views on
what drug usage is use and what is abuse.
Is Someone who Only Uses Drugs/Narcotics during Weekends also Addicted?
Weekend drug use can be, but need not be an addiction. This depends on how you define addiction. Anyway, the risk of starting an addiction is large even if you only use drugs during weekends.
Addiction - Description, Symptoms
Description of symptoms of addiction: Withdrawal, Tolerance, Rebound, etc.
When do Addictions Occur?
There are many different circumstances, often in combination, which cause addiction.
Who Use Drugs/Narcotics and Why?
Drug use is a choice of an individual.
Behavioral/Behavioural Therapy of Addiction/Substance Abuse
Behavior therapy is a therapy that is conducted by a therapist that has
been trained for this. This therapy is based on the notion that certain
behavior (like an addiction) starts by rewarding this behavior, and that
it is reduced by punishment.
Bad Effects of Pot: Cannabis Caused Psychosis
Cannabis can cause a psychosis for some people.
Heroin/Opiate Detox - Rapid Heroin/Opiate Detoxification under Anesthesia
Yes, a combination of anesthetic in the beginning and switching to
Naltrexone can help to get rid of heroin dependence.
Heroin Addiction Effects: Physical Dependence and Tolerance Development
Heroin easily causes physical dependence and tolerance.
What does a Heroin User Feel?
Description of how the body changes in ways you feel when you take heroin.
Risks of Using Heroin?
There are lots of risks with using heroin, and some of them are listed here.
To Stop Using Heroin is Hard, Heavy Withdrawal Symptoms
It is hard to stopp using heroin, with heavy withdrawal symptoms for 7-10 days. Methadone can replace heroin and allow a better life than using heroin, but methadone is itself an opiate. Some people first switch to methadone, then gradually reduce the amount to finally get rid of their addiction.
Treatment of Heroin Addicts/Abusers
A description of several different methods of treating heroin addiction.
Dealing with Someone who Uses Heroin/A Heroin Abuser/A Heroin Addict
You should help a heroin user/addict, but you must draw the line somewhere.
What is Heroin?
Basic facts about heroin and how it is produced.
Become Addicted to the Internet; Internet Addiction
How can you become addicted to the internet? What is internet addiction?
Married to, Living with an Alcoholic or Addict
Living or having a close relationship with an alcoholic or a drug user causes difficulties as a consequence of their drinking. You must open your eyes for this and find solutions for yourself and children to have your own life.
Symptoms, Diagnosis and Treatment of Alcohol, Narcotics and other Addictions
Addiction; A collection of articles about substance abuse and other addictive disorders.
Symptoms, Diagnosis and Treatment of Alcohol, Narcotics and other Addictions
Addiction; A collection of articles about substance abuse and other addictive disorders.
Medication Support in a Sex Addiction Treatment?
Sometimes medication can support the treatment of a sex addiction, but always consult with a doctor or therapist first.
Sex Addiction Treatment and Masturbation Addiction Treatment
List of actions in the treatment of sex addiction.
Sex Addiction
Ten characteristics that can indicate sex addiction.
Nicotine Addiction Test
Test wher you answer a few simple questions to find out how strong your nicotine addiction is.
Calming Effects of Tobacco/Nicotine; Calming, Stimulating
Tobacco is a stimulating substance, although many smokers will say it has a calming effect on them. However, this calming effect is not a characteristic of tobacco.
Nicotine Effects on the Body, Effects of Cigarettes
Smoking has all the effects of other addictive drugs.
People who Quit Smoking and Start Again
Some of the ex-smokers have a hard time keeping up not smoking.
The Consequences/Effects of Smoking?
Tobacco smoke contains many dangerous substances.
Ways to Stop Smoking Cigarettes: Stopping Smoking at Once or Step by Step
Only a few smokers manage to smoke less each time and maintain this long enough to finally quit smoking at all.
What Happens when you Stop/Quit Smoking
Stopping smoking has immediately visible good effects.
Smoking Quit Tips; Best Way to Quit Smoking
This page gives a number of useful smoking quit tips which will help you find the best way to quit smoking for you.
No Visible Damage from Smoking; Their Bodies are Still Suffering
The bodies of smokers are suffering even if you do not see it.
Drugs effect on society
Substance abuse (drug abuse) has as effect on society: Poorer lives, disease and crime.
What to Do Before your Child Starts Experimenting with Drugs
Do not avoid talking to your children about drugs.
Drug addiction help: How To Get Off Narcotics, Sedatives, Drugs?
If you have used addictive substances for a long time, it is best to stop in consultation with your doctor.
Compulsive Gambling Self Help
Factors in gambling addiction self-help are to set clear goals, understanding why you gamble and to have support from other people.
Alcoholism and drug addiction treatment methods and centers
A collection of articles about methods for the treatment of alcoholism (alcohol addiction), drug and narcotics addiction.
Define Relapse, Rebound, Abstinence, Withdrawal, Addiction, Tolerance and Adaptation
The terms relapse, rebound, abstinence, withdrawal, addiction, tolerance and adaptation describe different aspects of how addiction to habit-forming drugs works.
Is XTC Addictive?
XTC has no withdrawal effects, but requires increasing dosage with time to get the same effect.
How Dangerous are XTC (Extacy, Exstacy) Pills?
Pills sold as XTC often do not contain XTC. There is a risk for using the wrong dosage, because of this. Not knowing what you are really using can be dangerous.
Dealing with Someone Using XTC
Try to calm the XTC user down in a cool and quiet room.
Dealing with the Fear that Can Occur when Using XTC
The fear induced by XTC use is mostly fear of the fear itself.
XTC Effects: What does an XTC User Feel?
An XTC user is stimulated both physically and mentally. XTC has the ability to suppress exhaustion, which doesn't mean that the fatigue is gone but that it is only masked.
Can you see if someone uses XTC/Extacy?
Other drugs can have the same effect as XTC. In urine, Extacy/XTC can be detected for up to 72 hours, in hair samples for as long as your hair grows.
Testing for XTC
Yes, there are tests for XTC.
Description of XTC (Extacy, Exstacy) Pills
The active ingredient in XTC stimulates and also has a hallucinogenic effect.
adhd - ADHD, Damp
What is the Difference between ADD and ADHD?
ADHD is the term used in the current DSM-IV-TR diagnostic criteria. ADD with or without hyperactivity is the older term from the DSM-IIIR.
ADHD in Adults - Adult ADHD
Treatment of ADHD in adults requires a combination of several approaches; exercises might be included, but other methods of treatment are usually also needed.
Treatment of Adult ADHD; Adult ADHD Treatment
ADHD can be a severe problem also for adults. Adult ADHD treatment needs to be adjusted for each patient, but can include psychotherapy and medicines.
ADHD in Children, Child or Teens ADHD, Age of Onset
The official definition of ADHD says that the symptoms must start before 7 years of age, but some ADHD only starts with puberty or when the child grows older and more demands are put on them. Especially the inattentive mode of ADHD in girls is sometimes not recognized until in their teens.
All about ADHD (Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder)
All the answers on ADHD copied together into a single large document.
Treating ADHD with Atomoxetine (Strattera)
What is Strattera (atomoxetine)? What are the advantages and disadvantages (side effects) of taking Strattera to treat ADHD (in children, adolescents and adults)?
ADHD and Consistent Consequences
How can I change the behaviour of my child with ADHD? What are the basic principles of behaviour modification?
ADHD and Bedwetting
Studies have found that children with ADHD are more likely to suffer from bedwetting and poor bowel control than children without ADHD.
ADHD - Behavioural Modification
Behavioural Modification and psychotherapeutic approaches for the treatment of ADHD.
ADHD and Frontal Lobe Dysfunction
Is ADHD caused by frontal lobe dysfunction? What is the influence of frontal lobe dysfunction? What are executive functions?
Sugar and Hyperactivity
Too much sugar might have some hyperactivity effect for a very short time but cannot influence the outcome of ADHD.
ADHD Symptoms: Obesity
It has been found that adults treated for obesity who also had ADHD have more problems loosing weight. 27.4% of all patients with obesity also had ADHD.
ADHD ADD - Alternative Therapies and the Doctor
It is important to inform your doctor of all alternative therapies going on for the patient with ADHD and ADD.
Concerta Twice a Day?
Concerta har effekt under längre tid, och skall bara tas på morgonen, annars riskerar man sömnproblem.
Differences between ADHD and DAMP
DAMP and ADHD are related diagnoses. The main difference is that DAMP also includes deficits in perception and motor control.
ADHD and ADD - Inattentive ADHD Type
A child can have ADHD without symptoms of hyperactivity. Children with mainly the inattentive type of ADHD tend to daydream and have difficulty focusing. ADD (Attention Deficit Disorder) with or without hyperactivity is the older term for ADHD.
ADHD Symptoms ADHD Diagnosis - Diagnostic Criteria of ADHD
To meet the diagnostic criteria for ADHD, a certain combination of symptoms is required.
ADHD Lab Tests
Are there any physical tests to make the diagnosis of ADHD?
Feingold ADHD Diet
The Feingold ADHD diet is difficult to adhere to and there is no proof that it helps.
ADHD - Domains of Impairment
What kind of impairment is necessary to use psychostimulants for ADHD treatment
ADHD Impulsiveness
Why are ADHD children so impulsive?
ADHD Symptoms: Resistance to Change
ADHD victims have problems in adjusting to new situations. They require stable environments.
Lecithin
There is little evidence that lecithin has any therapeutic value.
Age at which to Start Child ADHD Treatment with Medicines
What should parents know before starting psychostimulant therapy for ADHD?
ADD/ADHD drugs: Medicine for ADHD
While stimulants (methylphenidate, amphetamine, dexamphetamine) are the treatment of choice, methylphenidate is the most commonly used medication for the psychopharmacotherapy of ADHD. However, even some antidepressant medication have shown positive effects for the treatment of ADHD.
ADHD medicines (Ritalin, Concerta) and pregnancy; non-medical ADHD treatment
Most doctors would caution against using ADHD medicines (Ritalin, Ritalina, Concerta) when you are pregnant. An alternative, non-medicine treatment might be EEG-Feedback.
What is ADHD? ADHD Symptoms and ADHD treatment
List of articles about what is ADHD, ADHD symptoms and treatment, ADD and DAMP.
ADHD Kids and Common Myths: Ritalin - Are Parents Doping their Children?
It is not true that Ritalin is only an attempt to dope up problem children. Controlled medical studies show that Ritalin helps these children.
Negative Self-Esteem of ADHD Children ; Teenager Self-Esteem
These children have problems to integrate in groups and are very prone to be excluded from common social activities. Usually they have to go through years of failure at school and rejections before someone thinks about a possible diagnosis of ADHD.
Adhd and Pathologic Gambling
ADHD patients are prone to a variety of other impulse control disorders. Some experts of gambling addiction report a very high co-occurrence of ADHD and pathologic gambling and say that up to 20% of the patients with gambling addiction show traits of ADHD.
Causes of ADHD
What are the causes of ADHD?
ADHD - Persistence of Symptoms
To make the diagnosis of ADHD symptoms must have persisted for at least six months.
Advantages of ADHD
People with ADHD can be more creative, intuitive, flexible and warmhearted than other people.
ADHD a Real Disorder
Discussion of the claim by some non-experts that ADHD is not a real disorder.
Psychostimulants and Driving a Car
You can drive a car even if you take Ritalin. However, you must have a prescription of the psychostimulants from your doctor.
How Ritalin, Ritalina, Concerta helps ADHD Patients; Brain Effects of Ritalin/Concerta
Ritalina stimulates a neurotransmitter called dopamine in certain areas of the brain, causing the person to feel calmer and more concentrated.
ADHD Dysphoria and Psychostimulant (Concerta, Ritalin) Medication
Dysphoria and irritability can occur when people use psychostimulant medications.
ADHD or Sleep Deprivation?
Too little sleep and ADHD can give similar symptoms. How many hours of sleep does an average person need?
What Happens, if You Immediately Quit Taking Stimulating Medicines (Ritalin, Concerta)
What happens, if I immediately quit my Ritalin medication?
Is it possible to stop taking a stimulating medicine that fast or does it result in withdrawal symptoms?
Human Growth and Development in ADHD Children
Human growth and development in ADHD children receiving treatment with psychostimulants.
Concerta, Methylphenidate, Ritalin Side Effects
For most patients, Ritalin side effects are mild and stop after a short period of use.
Toxic Effects of Psychostimulants
Stimulants prescribed for ADHD very rarely have toxic effects.
Stimulants and Sleeping Problems
Psychostimulants for ADHD can give sleeping problems for some people, but paradoxially can help sleep for other people using them.
Is Ritalin - Concerta - Adderall and other Medications for ADHD Good Treatment or is there a Risk for Abuse?
What are the effects of psychostimulants in the pharmacotherapy of ADHD?
Atomoxetine (Strattera), and how can it be used as a medicine for ADHD
What is atomoxetine (Strattera)
ADHD and Problems Talking, Speaking, Stuttering
In a few cases, ADHD is connected to speaking problems. There is unfortunately no known good cure for this problem.
Messie Syndrome - Chronic Disorganisation
What is Messies?
Distracting, Interrupting, Disturbing, Annoying People with ADHD
What is distractibility of ADHD children.
ADHD Change of Symptoms
Do children eventually "outgrow" ADHD?
ADHD in Toddlers
Excessive crying and other symptoms for a toddler might be traits of ADHD. However, this link is not reliable.
Symptoms of Adult Attention Deficit Disorder and their Variation in Different Situations
ADHD patients have more difficulty coping with situations involving many people and in other ways stressful.
ADHD Diet, Natural Medicine for ADHD and other Controversial Therapies for ADHD
What are alternative therapy approaches for ADHD? Is there a natural alternative therapy for ADHD?
Tomatis music CD therapy for ADHD?
There is little proof that Tomatis music therapy of ADHD works.
Tracking Conversations
If you have big problems with listening to and keeping track of conversations you should try to find out what might contribute to your problem. For example, some people have severe problems in group settings due to social anxiety or fears.
Long Term ADHD Treatment
ADHD children should be treated to maximize their opportunities, accepting their problems.
ADHD - Alternative Treatment with Zink?
Zink may have an effect for a minority of children with ADHD.
ADHD in Adult Women, ADHD in Girls - Experiences
Experiences of women with ADHD and special symptomatology of ADHD in girls and women
anx - Anxiety
How does a Panic Disorder Begin? Cause of the Onset of Panic Attacks
Panic attacks of a panic disorder with or without Agoraphobia usually have their onset in the early adult age. It often takes many years before the patient gets effective treatment.
Fear of Open Places or Closed Places - Agoraphobia, Claustrophobia
Agoraphobia is fear and anxiety in certain places, such as open places, elevators, crowds, underground, etc.
Kleptomania - An Unhealthy Need to Steal and Pilfer
A kleptomaniac is driven by anxiety, not by a need to earn money. Treatment involves finding other ways to handling the anxiety.
Cognitive Behavioural Therapy for Panic Disorder
Cognitive-behavioural therapy (CBT) is a very often used psychotherapy for anxiety disorder. Today it is considered to be a first-line treatment of panic disorder.
Chinese Food Syndrome - Glutamate - Ephedra
Chinese food often contains glutamate, a neuro-transmitter which can cause panic attacks.
Anxiety Disorders and Classification
Anxiety disorders are classified as phobic disorders, obsessive compulsive disorders, and stress disorders.
Alternative or Complimentary Therapy for Anxiety Disorders
An alternative therapy is one that is used instead of a conventional or mainstream therapy. When used in combination with mainstream therapy, it is called a complimentary therapy.
Diagnosis of Panic Disorder, Anxiety Symptoms
Criteria for the diagnosis of panic disorders are repeated panic attacks, and concern and worry about them.
Incidence of Panic and Anxiety Disorder
Between 2 % and 10 % of a general population have panic and anxiety disorders.
Afraid of being Rejected; Afraid He Does Not Like Me
You cannot live being afraid. People who are more daring get more out of life.
Avoidance and Anticipatory Anxiety
Avoidance and Anticipatory Anxiety caused by Panic Disorders.
Symptoms of Anxiety Attacks
I am feeling a lot of stress and anxiety lately. Do I have an anxiety disorder?
Generalized Anxiety Disorder (GAD) - Constant Worry and Anxiety
Generalized Anxiety Disorder (GAD) is characterized by a persistent, uncontrollable worry and anxiety, concerning many aspects of life. There is effective treatment, for example gestalt therapy and cognitive behaviour therapy.
Am I going Mad? ; Severe Anxiety Attack
People who have strong anxiety attacks may feel as if they are going mad, but this is usually not an indication that you are going mad.
How to Recognize Suppressed Feelings
A simple method which will not only stop an anxiety attack but also prevent future attacks. Also helps with many other behaviours which are caused by supression of your inner feelings.
Herbal Medicine for Anxiety Disorders
Herbal medicines can help with anxiety if combined with changing to a less stressful lifestyle. Some herbal medicines, however, can be dangerous.
Hypochondria disorder - the Fear of Diseases, Anxiety Concerning the Health
Hypochondria refers to the strong fear of suffering from any serious diseases. Behavior therapy can help.
Biological Causes of Shyness and Anxiety
Some researchers think that specific brain areas called amygdala have a special role for traits of shyness and anxiety disorders.
Articles about Anxiety, Anxiety Attacks, Panic Attacks
A collection of articles about anxiety, anxiety attacks and panic attacks.
Night Terrors in Children or Nightmares?
Night terror disorder manifests itself in periods of
extreme terror and loud screaming during the night. Night terrors are
different from ordinary nightmares and occur mainly in children of
preschool age. The attacks in themselves are harmless and do not usually
require treatment.
Obessive Compulsive Personality Disorder
Obsessive Compulsive Disorder and Obsessive Compulsive Personality Disorder are two different psychological traits.
Parents Helping Children with OCD (Obsessive Compulsive Disorder) who are also Developmentally Disabled (Mentally Retarded)
Parents can learn behavioural therapy methods in order to better help developmental disabled children with OCD (Obsessive Compulsive Disorder).
Obsessive Compulsive Disorder - Definition, Diagnosis
Obsessive compulsive disorder (OCD) is characterized by recurrent obsessional or compulsive acts, thoughts you cannot resist, even though you understand that you really do not want them.
Articles and FAQs about Obsessive Compulsive Disorder (OCD)
A list of FAQ articles about OCD, its causes, symptoms and treatment.
OCD - Clinical Diagnosis often Missed
Many people with OCD do not get the correct diagnosis.
Age of Onset of Obsessive Compulsive Disorder (OCD)
At what age does ocd start?
Obsessive Compulsive Disorder caused by bacterial infection
Obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) can in some cases be caused by a bacterial infection.
OCD (Obessive Compulsive Disorder) - Quality of Life
What is the quality of life for patients with OCD?
Obsessive-Compulsive Associated Disorders
A broad spectrum of diseases are associated with OCD.
Screening test for Anxiety and Depression
Is there an online test for anxiety disorders or depression?
Panic Disorder; Panic Attack Symptoms
Frequent and distressing panic which interferes with daily living.
Panic Attack Symptoms; Anxiety Attack Symptoms - Start and Development
Most panic/anxiety attack symptoms begin during adolescence or below 30 years of age, and continue, if untreated, for many years, but with reduced symptoms with age.
Nocturnal Panic Attacks; Anxiety Attacks at Night
50 % of people with panic attacks have them also at night, but only 10 % of all panic attacks occur at night. Such attacks are not caused by dreams.
Self Treatment for Anxiety, Panic Attacks and Panic Disorder
Yes, you can learn to handle panic attacks on your own.
Phobias and Overcoming Phobias
An overview about diagnosis, causes and treatment of phobias.
Prevalence of Anxiety Disorders in Adult Population
Between two and ten percent of all people suffer from anxiety disorders.
Prevention of Panic Attacks
Good and bad methods of preventing panic/anxiety attacks.
Symptoms of Post Traumatic Stress Disorders (PTSD), Effects of Violence
A list of possible symptoms of Post Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD).
Picking your Nose all the Time Habits
How to treat problems with picking your nose too much and other undesirable habits.
Diary of Anxiety Symptoms / Panic Attacs
Self-monitoring of symptoms of the anxiety disorder is one of the most important steps in cognitive-behavioural therapy of anxiety disorders.
Panic Disorders: Situations and Causes of Panic Attacks
Panic attacks mostly occur at home, rather than in the special situations which the person fears.
All about Overcoming Shyness, Social Anxiety Disorder, Social Phobia
A collection of articles about shyness, social phobia and social anxiety and how to overcome it.
Fear of Public Speaking; Speech Anxiety
Speech anxiety is defined as an abnormal distress when you have to talk to a large group of people.
Anxiety Attack Symptoms
Symptoms of panic attacks can be sweat, chills, flush, tremor, nausea ants, tingles, dizziness, fear, etc.
Therapeutic Alliance for the Treatment of Panic Disorders
Description of important items in the psychotherapy of panic attacks.
Panic Attack Treatment, Panic Attack Medication, Anxiety Treatment
A collection of articles about the treatment of anxiety and panic attacks.
Treatment of Panic Disorder; Tips for Panic Attacks
A good treatment for panic disorder may be a combination of psychotherapy and drugs.
bio - Psychopharmacology, Drugs, Biological Treatment
Alprazolam (Xanax, Xanor) - Contraindications
Who should not take alprazolam?
Alprazolam (Xanax, Xanor) - Counteractions
Be careful with other sedatives and sleeping pills together with benzodiasepims.
Alprazolam (Xanax, Xanor) - Description
What is alprazolam? What are the brand names?
Alprazolam (Xanax, Xanor) - Doses
How should I take it? What happens if I miss a dose? What happens if I overdose?
Alprazolam (Xanax) - Important Information, Risks, Cautions
What is the most important information I should know about alprazolam (Xanax)?
Alprazolam (Xanax, Xanor) - Precautions
What should I avoid while taking Xanax?
Alprazolam (Xanax, Xanor) - Side Effects
What are the side effects of alprazolam?
Amitriptyline (Elavil/Saroten/Endep/Vanatrip) - Contraindications
Who should not take Amitriptyline (Elavil/Saroten/Endep/Vanatrip)? What should I discuss with my healthcare provider before taking amitriptyline?
Amitriptyline (Elavil/Saroten/Endep/Vanatrip) - Counteractions
What other drugs will affect amitriptyline (Elavil/Saroten/Endep/Vanatrip)?
Amitriptyline (Elavil/Saroten/Endep/Vanatrip) Non-Addictive Medicine for Insomnia and Depression
Amitriptyline (Elavil/Saroten/Endep/Vanatrip) is an anti-depressive medicine, which also helps against insomnia. It is not addictive as many other insomnia medicines.
Amitriptyline (Elavil/Saroten/Endep/Vanatrip) - Doses
How should I take Amitriptyline (Elavil/Saroten/Endep/Vanatrip)? What happens if I miss a dose? What happens if I overdose?
Amitriptyline (Elavil/Saroten/Endep/Vanatrip) - Important Information, Precautions
Amitriptyline (Elavil / Saroten / Endep / Vanatrip) can cause dizziness and problems when driving or handling dangerous machines. Use caution together with alcohol. Effect may take four weeks to show. Do not stop abruptly without talking to your doctor.
Amitriptyline (Elavil/Saroten/Endep/Vanatrip) - Side Effects
What are the possible side effects of amitriptyline (Elavil/Saroten/Endep/Vanatrip)?
Benzodiazepine Dependence
Addiction to benzodiazepines is common and occurs for many users after a couple of weeks or months. The patient may have a need to increase the dosage, and if they do, and then quit, they can have severe withdrawal symptoms.
Benzodiazepines : Adverse Effects of Benzodiazepines in the Elderly
What is the effect of benzodiazepines in elderly people?
Articles about Benzodiazepines (Xanax, Valium, Oxazepam, Rohypnol, etc.)
A directory of several articles about benzodiazepines psychiatric drugs (Alprazolam, Ambien, Anxon, Apodorm, Apzepam, Ativan, bensodiazapin, bensodiazapines, bensodiazepams, bensodiazepin, bensodiazepines, benzodiasepin, benzodiasepines, benzodiazapem, benzodiazepin, benzodiazepines, Bromazepam, Centrax, Chlordiazepin, Clobazam, Clonaz, Clorazepam, Dalman, Diazepam, Doral, Dormono, Estazolam, Euhypnol, Flunitraze, Flurazem, Fluscand, Frisio, Halazepam, Halcion, Imovane, Ketazolam, Klonaz, Klonopim, Lexomil, Lexota, Librium, liktorivil, Loprazolam, Lorazepam, Lormetazepam, Medazepam, Mogadon, Nitrazepam, Nobrium, Noctamil, Normisom, Oxascand, Oxazepam, Paxipan, pill, Prazepan, ProSo, Quazepam, Restoril, Rivotrim, Rohypnol, Serax, Serenix, Serepax, sleeping, Sobril, Sonata, Stesolil, Stilnoct, Temazepam, Temesta, tranquillizer, Tranxen, Triazolam, Valium, Xanax, Xanor, xanx, Zaleplom, Zimovane, Zolpidem, Zopiklon, etc.)
Benzodiazepines (Valium, Sobril, Xanax, Xanor, Mogadon, Rohypnol, etc.) Half Life (Duration of effect)
A detailed overview of different benzodizepines, showing the potency and half-life of each of them. Some of them have a very long duration of effects, because they have an active metabolite which also has the same effect.
Adverse Effects of Benzodiazepines
drowsiness, poor concentration, incoordination, muscle weakness, dizziness, mental confusion, memory impairment, depression, stimulated instead of calmed and inability to feel pain and pleasure are common side effects of benzodiazepines.
Benzodiazepines (Valium, Xanor, Xanax, etc.) Addiction Through Tolerance with Regular Use
With regular use of benzodiasepines, the body adjusts so that the effect is more or less removed, and so that temporary withdrawal symptoms will occur when stopping to use these medicines.
Therapeutic Use of and Side Effects of Benzodiazepines (Xanax, Valium, Ativan, etc.)
What is the clinical use of benzodiazepines?
Biperiden (Akineton) - Contraindications
Describes patients who should not take biperidon or should take it in reduced doses.
Biperiden-Counterreactions
Other drugs, which can cause problems if taken at the same time as biperiden.
Biperiden-Description
Biperiden is used to control spasms caused by Parkinson's disease and other causes.
Biperiden-Doses
How and how often Biperiden is to be taken.
Biperiden - Important Information and Precautions
Biperiden can negatively influence driving a car and use together with alcohol can cause problems.
Biperiden - Side-effects
A number of problems such as dry mouth and drowsiness can be caused by biperiden.
How the Human Brain Works?
The human brain works by activating cognitive modules. Both intelligent actions and inappropriate reactions are caused by good or bad cognitive modules.
Buspirone (Buspar) for Anxiety Disorders
Buspirone is an antianxiety agent which has a different mechanism than usually benzodiazepines or anxiolytic drugs
Carbamazepine -- Contraindications
Patients with certain known problems should avoid carbamazepine without discussing this with their doctor.
Carbamazepine -- Counteractions
How carbamazepine can affect effect of other drugs.
Carbamazepine -- Description
What is carbamazepine (Carbatrol, Epitol, Tegretol) ?
Dosage of Carbamazepine (Carbatrol, Epitol, Teregeto, Trimonil, Hermolepsin)
Dosage and risks with overdosing of Carbamazepine (Carbatrol, Epiotl, Tegretol, Trimonil, Hermolepsin).
Carbamazepine -- Important Information
Carbamazepine can cause dizziness, which may be a risk when driving a car. It can, but very seldom, cause a kind of blood illness. It should not be taken together with alcohol and can reduce the effect of certain kinds of birth control pills.
Carbamazepine -- Precautions
What you should not do when you have taken a drug containing carbamazepine.
Carbamazepine -- Side-effects
List of a number of possible side effects of drugs containing carbamazepine.
Citalopram (Celexa, Seropram, Cipramil) - Contraindications
When not to take citalopram.
Citalopram (Celexa, Seropram, Cipramil) - Counteractions
Cautions when combining citalopram with other drugs.
Citalopram (Celexa, Seropram, Cipramil) - Description
Citalopram is in a class of drugs called selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors
Citalopram (Celexa, Seropram) - Doses
How much Citalopram to take.
Citalopram - Important Information, Precautions
It may take several weeks for you to start feeling better. Use caution when driving, operating machinery, or performing other hazardous activities.
Citalopram (Celexa, Seropram, Cipramil) - Side-effects
Description of side effects of Citalopram (Celexa, Seropram, Cipramil)
Clomipramine -- Contraindications
What should I discuss with my healthcare provider before taking clomipramine (Anafranil)?
Clomipramine (Anafranil) -- Counterreactions
How Clomipramine may interact with other drugs taken by the patient.
Clomipramine -- Description
Clomipramin belongs to the category of tri-cyclic antidepressive medicines. It is used for the treatment of depression and Obsessive Compulsive Disorder (OCD).
Clomipramine -- Doses
How should I take clomipramine (Anafranil)? What happens if I miss a dose? What happens if I overdose?
Clomipramine -- Important Information
What is the most important information I should know about clomipramine (Anafranil)?
Clomipramine -- Precautions
What should I avoid while taking clomipramine (Anafranil)?
Klomipramine (Anafranil) - Side-effects
Clomipramin can cause tiredness, dissiness, dry mouth, dry eyes, constipation, sweating, agitation, headache, weight loss and other side effects.
Contraceptive Pills and Lithium
Could I use the pill while taking a lithium therapy?
Slang/Street Names for Heroin, Cocaine and other Narcotics
A long list of different slang terms for various narcotic drugs like heroin, cocaine, etc.
Psychiatric Prescription Drugs (Antidepressants, Sedatives, Tranquilizers, Benzodiazepines) ; Links
List of links to descriptions of different psychiatric prescription drugs.
Suicide Risks with Certain Medicines
Antieleptic and antidepressant medicines can have a small risk of suicide or suicidal thoughts, and patients and families of patients should be aware of this risk and contact health providers if such tendencies occur.
Tricyclic Anti-Depressant Brand Names
Under which brand naes are tricyclic anti-depressants marketed?
Effexor (venlafaxine) side effects and withdrawal problems
Effexor can have many side effects and long-time withdrawal symptoms if you stop using it. The most common side effects and withdrawal symptoms are described here.
Withdrawal Symptoms when Stopping using Escitalopram (Lexapro, Cipralex):
Withdrawal from Escitalopram (Lexapro, Cipralex) can cause depression, dizziness, lability and other problem. Withdrawing with a stepwise reduced dosage can reduce the withdrawal effects.
Escitalopram (Lexapro, Cipralex)
Escitalopram is a new version of Celexa (Citalopram), which might give less side effects and more desirable effects.
The Future of Homo Sapiens, the Future of Human Evolution
Reference to an article discussing whether humanity is evolving, and if so how.
Somatic (Physical) Psychological Aspects of Psychology and Psychiatry; List of Articles
List of links to answers about somatic aspects of psychic disorder.
Weight Gain and Mood Stabilizers like Prozac and other SSRI drugs and Lithium
There is a risk of weight gain with some (not all) SSRI medicines and Lithium.
Medication/Drugs to Stop/Fight Drug Addiction, Heroin Addiction, Cocaine Addiction, Alcoholism and Self-Harm Behavior
Naltrexone (Revia, Trexan) is a medicine used against drug addiction, alcoholism and self-harm.
Appetite Suppressant Drugs of the 20th Century
Phentermine and similar weight loss drugs, pros and cons.
SSRI medicines like Prozac: Sexual Side Effects
Many men have ejaculation problems after taking SSRI medicine. Also women can get orgasm problems from these medicines. Switch to another SSRI medicine might help in some cases.
SSRI Antidepressants ; SSRIs ; Depression and OCD Medication
SSRIs stabilizes the mood and reduces compulsive thought patterns.
Valium, Xanax Symptoms of Addiction Withdrawal
Why should you come off Benzodiazepines (Valium, Xanax, Rohypnol, etc.)? What are the withdrawal symptoms?
bipolar - Depression, Bipolar Disorder
Childhood Abuse and Adult Depression
Many studies showed a strong relation between molestation in childhood and severe psychological problems in later life.
Adjustment Disorders
Depression, as we all know it, may be follows a major disappointment such as failing to pass an examination or to secure a promotion.
Depression in Adolescents; Teen Depression; Teenage Depression
Is it possible to suffer from depression in adolescence?
Mood disorders
Mood disorders are those disorders that have a disturbance in mood (ups and downs) as their predominant feature.
Age when depression performs
Depressions arise most often in 30-årsåldern and only 10% of all depressions arises the first time after 60 years' age.
Depression and Alcohol Abuse
What is the relationship between depression and alcohol abuse?
Lexapro, Prozac, Fontex, Celexa, Paxil Weight Gain
If you have problems with SSRI weight gain, switching to another SSRI type may help.
Depression and Anxiety
Anxiety is a common symptom of depressive illness as well as of other disorders. It can be shown by both psychological and bodily symptoms.There is not always a connection beteen depression and anxiety.
Chronic Fatigue Syndrome (CFS)
Burnt out and chronic fatigue syndrome (CFS, Myalgic Encephalomyelitis) tend to indicate that there is no help, but experts nowadays regard this as a temporary and treatable condition.
Depression and Positive Activities
Activities and depression (cognitive behavioural therapy of depression)
Cognitive behavioural therapy of Depression
What is cognitive behavioural therapy of depression?
Depression in Children; Children and Depression; Sad Children
Depressions are rather rare in children, and usually are caused by traumatic events such as bereavment or stress in school.
Children and adolescents with bipolar disorder
Can children and/or adolescents suffer from bipolar disorder? Do they have the same symptoms as adults have?
Classification of Depression
An overview of different variants of depression.
Alternative and Complementary Therapy for Depression - What Works?
Complementary/alternative/non-conventional therapies for depression - what works?
The course of Bipolar Disorder
Bipolar Disorder: Episodes of mania and depression, interspersed with normal periods.
Causes of Depression: Possible Triggers of Depression?
What are possible triggers for a depressive disorder?
The Blues
25-85 % of all women have a mild form of depression after childbirth.
Recurrent Brief Depression
Is it possible to have depression for just a few days? Or once in one´s life?
Pseudo-Dementia
What is pseudo-dementia? What is dementia and what are the differences?
Agitated Depression in the Elderly
Is it possible for depression in older people to appear with agitation, insomnia?
Anxiety and Depression in the Elderly
Is it possible to see anxiety symptoms such as worrying, fearfulness etc in depressed older people?
Causes of Depression in Old People; Elderly Depression
What are the causes of depression in the elderly? Why is depression more common for old people?
Depression Secondary to Dementia
Is it possible for dementia to cause depression? Why?
Masked Depression
Is it possible to have depressed elderly patients who do not appear to be distressed?
Prognosis and Treatment of Depression in the Elderly
Is depression easily treated in older patients?
Depressive Episode
According to ICD-10, a depressive episode is defined as a period of at least two weeks with depressive symptoms.
Help Depressed Person ; Bring me to Life
What must I do to help someone who is depressed? How should I behave with someone depressed?
Monoamine Oxidase Inhibitors - Effects
When are MAOIs used?
Monoamine Oxidase Inhibitors (MAOIs) - How They Work
How do MAO inhibitors work?
Monoamine Oxidase Inhibitors - Precautions
What must I know and think about when I take/prescribe MAOIs?
Monoamine oxidase inhibitors - Side-effects
Do MAOIs have side-effects and which?
Other Antidepressants - Nefazodone
What is nefazodone? How does it work? What are its side effects?
Other Antidepressants - Venlafaxine
Venlaxafine is an antidepressive which combines serorotin inhibition with nonadrenalin reuptake inhibition. It has less side effects than some other antidepressive medicines. Warning, however, that you can have serious side effects for several months when you quit using it.
Selective Serotonin Re-Uptake Inhibitors - Effects
When do SSRIs work? When are they used?
Selective Serotonin Re-Uptake Inhibitors - How They Work
SSRIs stabilizes the neurotransmitter serotonin, and reduces dominating but troublesome thoughts.
Selective Serotonin Re-Uptake Inhibitors - Precautions
What must I know and think about when I take/prescribe SSRIs?
SSRI (Prosac, Cipramil, Seropram) Side Effects
SSRIs can cause increased anxiety, sleeping problems, sexual problems, nausea, diarrhea. The SSRI side effects often disappear after a period of usage.
Tricyclic Antidepressants - Effects and Contra-Indications
When are tricyclic antidepressants used and why? When are they not?
Tricyclic Antidepressants (TCAs) - How they Work
What are the tricyclic antidepressants? How do they work?
Precautions for Tricyclic Antidepressants (TCAs)
Precautions for tricyclic anti- depressants: Do not start with full dose immediately. The effect may not show until after 4-8 weeks. They should not be taken together with certain heart medications like digoxin and certain medications used to treat seizures such as phenytoin.
Tricyclic Antidepressants - Side-Effects
Trycyclics can cause stomach upset, constipation, dry mouth, blurred vision, drowsiness,lowered blood pressure (fainting), weight gain, tremors, sweating, problems urinating, problems having orgasm, confusion in elderly people, cardiac problems.
Menopause Mood Disorders
What do we know about mood disorders after menopause?
Criteria for Premenstrual Dysphoric Disorder (PMDD) - Psychological Problems before Girls Period
What are the DSM-IV criteria for PMDD? What are the symptoms of PMDD?
Diagnosis of Premenstrual Dysphoric Disorder (PMDD) - Irritability and Tension before Girls Period
Irritability, tenseness, mood swings in the days before a girls period.
PMS Treatment Prevention Relief ; Treatment of Premenstrual Dysphoric Syndrome (PMDD)
Premenstrual dysphoric disorder can be treated with stress management exercises, SSRI medication or in extreme cases surgery.
Premenstrual Dysphoric Disorder (PMDD) - Irritability before Girls Period
With PMDD is meant irritability and mood swings for women before menstruation.
Causes of Premenstrual Syndrome (PMS) and Premenstrual Dysphoric Disorder (PMDD)
The causes of PMS and PMDD are largely unknown. Some therories are presented here.
Symptoms of PMS; PMS Prevention Relief
What are the symptoms of PMS?
Premenstrual Syndrome (PMS) - Physical and Psychologial Symptoms before Girls Period
Lots of different symptoms before menstruation (girls period).
Cause of Post-Natal Depression, Depression after Childbirth
Why are women prone to depression at and just after pregnancy?
Risk Factors for Post-Natal Depression
Which women are more likely to suffer from postpartum depression?
Post-Natal or Postpartum Depression (PPD)
10-20% of all women are depressed after childbirth.
Depressive Symptoms During Pregnancy
What do we know about depressive symptoms during pregnancy?
Frequency of Mood Disorders Associated with Pregnancy
How common are mood disorders associated with childbearing?
Postpartum or Puerperal Psychosis
About one in a thousand women get psychosis in the immediate months after childbirth.
Mood Disorders Associated with Childbearing
What kind of mood disorders happen during/after pregnancy?
When to Ask for Professional Help
If someone is feeling depressed should they refer to professionals? I am feeling down must I see a doctor?
Helping yourself through depression
A list of things you can do to overcome your depression and achieve satisfaction and harmony with life.
Prevalence of Suicidal Thoughts; Statistics on Suicide
More than 50 % of all people are considering suicide at some time during their life. Statistics of suicide show that there are 5000 suicides each year in the United Kingdom.
How to Respond to Expressions of Suicidal Intent ; Suicide Prevention; Suicide Facts
Suicide facts and prevention: How to help prevent a person, who thinks about suicide, from doing it.
Teenage Suicide - Risk, Causes
Causes of teenage suicide , list of risk factors.
Statistical Risk Factors for Suicide
Are there risk factors for suiciders?
Cognitive Behaviour Therapy (CBT)
An overview of how cognitive behaviour therapy is used in the treatment of depression.
Techniques of Psychotherapy
How is psychotherapy done? Are there different techniques?
Treatment of Psychotic Depression
How is psychotic depression treated? Is the treatment of psychotic depression different than that of other forms of depression?
Psychotherapy in Depression
Can psychotherapy help in depression? What is psychotherapy?
Treatments for Depression
How is depression treated? Is psychotherapy better than drugs? Which drugs are used and when?
Diagnosis of Bipolar Disorder in Children and Teenagers
It can be difficult to recognize bipolar depression in children and teenagers, since other disorders can have similar symptoms.
Depression Symptom - How to Recognize Depression
A depressive episode may be diagnosed if 5 or more symptoms out of the list presented in the text below, last most of the day for a period of 2 weeks or longer.
Signs of Depression : Depressed? How to Diagnose Clinical Depression
A description of signs of depression and symptoms which might indicate that you are depressed
Dysthymic disorder : Chronic Depression and Dysthymia
Dysthymia = dysthmic disorder is a less severe form of depression.
Dysthymia
Dysthymia is a depression which is lighter and less severe.
Frequency of Bipolar Disorder
About one percent of the population has bipolar disorder. It usually starts as a teenager or young adult.
GABA (Gamma-Amiobutyric Acid)
There is no study showing that GAB helps against depression, and since GABA does not pass the blood-brain barrier, it could not work.
Information on Depression - What is depression?
Symptoms and criteria of depression.
Bipolar Disorder - Manic Depression, Definition, Symptoms
Bipolar disorder or manic-depressive disorder is characterized by mood fluctuations.
Depression and HIV
What is known for depression combined with HIV?
Hypomania
Hypomania is a mild to moderate form of mania.
Bipolar Manic Depression versus Depression
Manic depression symptoms are in many ways a mirror image of depression. In contrast to depression symptoms, manic depression is characterized by periods during which the patients are delirious, expansive and confident in their ideas, and full of energy and enthusiasm.
Articles about Depression and Bipolar Disorder
Clinical depression, symptoms, causes and treatment of depressive disorder / major depression
Depression Cure: Natural Cures for Depression
A list of articles about non-drug natural depression cures.
News related to depression
Link to a news page about mood disorders.
Doctor to Patient: Why Patients May not Mention Their Depression or Other Psychical Problem
Some patients do not mention their depression to their doctor because of embarrassment or being afraid of the doctor.
Always Tired and other Physical symptoms of depression
Physical symptoms in depression can be signs such as tiredness, aches, pains, constipation, weight loss, etc.
Psychotic Depression
Psychotic depression is a rare variant of depression combined with bizarre and false beliefs.
Psychotic Symptoms in Bipolar Disorder
Hallucinations, delusions, etc.
Rapid Cycling
If changes between depressive and manic phases, in manic-depressive disturbances, arise very fast (within a few days) and leads to at least 4 disease episodes per year, this is called "rapid cycling".
Depression with atypical physical symptoms
For some people depression has atypical symptoms: sleeping more, eating more, instead of the more common symptom of sleeping and eating too little.
Repetitive Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation For Depression
Is rTMS a useful therapy for depressive disorders?
Depression and Schizophrenia
Is it possible to suffer from depression together with schizophrenia? What is the relationship between depression and schizophrenia?
Seasonal Affective Disorder, Seasonal Affect Disorder
Seasonal affective disorder is a mood disorder which varies with the seasons.
Self-monitoring of Mood and Activities: Mood Diary for Depression
Self-monitoring through a mood diary can help depressed people understand their way of thinking.
Psychology Self Improvement - Coping with Grief and Depression
How to dive deep into your feelings in order to be able to handle them through psychology self improvement.
Shoplifting and Depression
Can shoplifting be associated with some mental disease?
Problems Talking to People
Gives suggestions on how a shy and timid person can get more contacts with other people.
Speech Anxiety - Problems Talking to Other People
Describes how you can learn to be able to talk to other people.
Somatic Syndrome
What is the somatic syndrome? When do we say that someone suffers from it?
SSRI Prozac, Lexapro Withdrawal
Antidepressants (SSRI, Paxil, Fontex, Prozac, Lexapro) should often be used for a long time, and reducing the dosage should only be done under supervision of a qualified psychiatrist.
SSRI and pregnancy : Is it safe to take antidepressants if I am pregnant?
There is limited results available on potential risks with antidepressants during pregnancy, but doctor's usually warn against it.
Attempted Suicide and Risk of Further Attempts
My boyfriend attempted suicide two months ago. What is the risk for further attempts?
Youth and Teen Suicide Statistics
A summary of the latest international suicide statistics, mainly for young suicide victims.
Attempted Suicide and its Treatment
My wife attemped suicide last week, what shall we do now?
The Effect of Depression on the Body´s Rhythms
Can depression affect the body and how?
Symptoms of a Depressive Episode
List of symptoms of a depressive episode.
Symptoms of Bipolar (Manic-Depressive) Disorder
Dramatic swings between manic and depressive episodes.
Effects of Depression
Depression gives an effect on your daily routine. For example, depressed individuals may become slower and less productive at work and lack interest in their family and unable to enjoy their activities.
Symptoms of a Manic Episode
A manic episode is characterized by feeling high, euphoric, spending spree, having unrealistic expectations.
I'm Not Okay, Depression Hurts: The Effect of Depression on Thinking and Behaviour
Depressed people think in negative terms and tend to judge themselves harshly.
ECT (Electro-Convulsive Therapy, ECT Therapy)
What is the ECT (Electro Convulsive Treatment)? When is it used? Does it hurt? Is it safe?
Light Therapy for Depressions
Light therapy is particularly used with patients suffering from seasonal depressions.
Non-drug Self-Help Depression Treatment
How to stop depression by making your life more meaningful.
Types of Bipolar Disorder
Some people do not have the full mood swing of bipolar disorder.
Depression in women
Why is depression in women more common? Is it easier to cope with it?
Antidepressant medication for women
Gender influence on effect of antidepressant medication
Depression in Women and Postpartum Depression of Women (Depression after Giving Birth)
List of links to answers about depression in women, including depression after giving birth (postpartum depression).
border - Borderline
Affective Lability
Affective lability is quickly changing emotions.
Borderline Age of Patients
The highest rate of the borderline diagnosis is at ages between 19 and 34.
Antisocial Personality Disorder (Sociopath Definition)
How to diagnose Antisocial Personality Disorder: People with this disorder try to get their way without being considerate of others. They humiliate or harm other people. They do not possess any feeling or understanding for norms, nor have they a feeling of guilt.
Avoidant Personality Disorder
The diagnosis Avoidant Personality Disorder is used for people with a basic fear of beeing judged, shyness and constant social discomfort (embarassed, avoiding social situations), unwillingness to commit themselves to a relation.
Chronic Suicidality
About chronic suicidality of a patient with Borderline Personality Disorder.
Dependent Personality Disorder
People with Dependent Personality Disorder are not able to make day-to-day decisions. They ares afraid of being rejected or abandoned, and they put aside their own wishes and needs, while doing what others want.
Depersonalisation - Feeling Unreal, Strange
Depersonalisation is a psychological term for feeling unreal, strange or changed. This can happen to anyone when tired or intoxicated.
Symptoms Borderline Personality Disorder according to DSM IV
Borderline personality disorder can be characterized by instability, impulsivity, recklessness, explosiveness.
All or Nothing: Dichotomous Thinking
Dichothomous thinking is a tendency to only see extremes such as good or bad, black or white, all or nothing. It is a common symptom of borderline personality disorder.
BPD (Borderline Personality Disorder) Environmental Influence
What are possible environmental influences as causes of Borderline Personality Disorders?
Histrionic Personality Disorder
The diagnosis of Histrionic Personality Disorder is used for people who show exaggerated emotional expressions and have an extremely strong longing for attention.
Ideals, Idealization (and Rejection)
What is idealization? Why do Borderline-patients idealize other persons? To switch between total idealization and total rejection.
Irritability
What is the meaning of Irritability?
Articles about Personality Disorders
List of links to answers about borderline disorder (also known as emotionally unstable personality disorder) and other personality disorders. Borderline personality disorder can be characterized by instability, impulsivity, recklessness, explosiveness.
Obsessive-compulsive Personality Disorder
Obsessive compulsive personality disorder (which is not the same as obsessive compulsive disorder) is characterized by difficulty to perform work because of an obsession of making everything perfectly right.
Paranoid Personality Disorder
Suspicious, believes that other people will treat you wrongly, insists on own rights.
Definition of a Personality Disorder, List of Psychological Disorders
Short definition of a personality disorder: A personality disorder is a personality trait that is pervasive and intrusive and leads to distress and impairment.
Positive Areas of Your Life
How to increase positive activities in your life.
Borderline (Emotionally Unstable) Personality Prevalence - Statistics on the Frequency
Borderline Personality Disorder (BPD), also known as emotionally unstable personality disorder, is not a rare disorder. It affects about 2 percent of the population.
Diagnosis: Schizoid Personality Disorder
A person with a schizoid personality disorder shows great social detachement and is restricted in emotional expressions. The person is indifferent to emotional expressions of others and is not interested in social relationships.
Diagnosis: Schizotypal Personality Disorder
Social and interpersonal deficits marked by acute discomfort with, and reduced capacity for, close relationships.
Teenagers Self-Cutting
Seven percent of teenagers harm themselves with knives or razor blades.
Test if you have a personality disorder
Link to an on-line test on personality disorders.
Pharmacotherapy of Borderline Disorder; Borderline Personality Disorder Treatment
SSRI may be a good pharmacotherapy for Borderline Personality Disorder. However, pharmacotherapy should be combined with professional psychotherapeutic help.
child - Children, Child Care, Child Raising
Articles on the Psychological Effects of Child Abuse
Web4Health medical experts provide articles on child abuse, its causes and effects, and related issues.
Causes of School Violence; Causes of Teen Violence
Biological causes of violent behaviour in children and adolescents.
Reactive Attachment Disorder, RAD, and Attachment
Attachment disorder is the inability to create and maintain intimate relationships due to pathological care during infancy.
Autism - Isolated in a World of Your Own, Autism Symptoms Checklist - Autism Treatment
Children with autism do not follow the typical patterns of child development. Many are incapable of understanding other people's thoughts, feelings, and needs. Furthermore, language and intelligence often fail to develop fully. Treatments methods are available to help improve their social, language, and academic skills.
Identification of autism early in childhood
What are typical symptoms of autism
Reading Bedtime Stories or Singing Songs for Children at Bedtime
Children respond to structure and routines.
Bedwetting and Other Inappropriate Urinating
Bedwetting problems and help. Why people sometimes urinate in inappropriate places.
Prevalence of Bullying
How many children are victims of bullying?
Bullying, Harassment
Bullying is aggression persistently directed against a particular target, or victim, typically one who is weak, vulnerable, and defenseless.
Chronic constipation
Information about cronic constipation and encopresis.
Child Abuse Statistics; Risk Increases with Age
The risk for sexual abuse increases with the age of the child.
Effects of Divorce on Children/Child; Divorce and New Families
Divorce and starting a new family is something that has an effect on everybody involved, and often the children suffer the most.
Encourage Your Child ; Stimulate Emotional and Social Child Development
A list of actions which will stimulate the development of self-esteem, social and emotional skills of children.
Consultation about Childraising
Where can I find help with problems about raising children?
Where do I find consultation about problems with children and adolescents?
Brother Sister Relationship; Relationships between Siblings
Getting new babies can be problems for the older child. This article discusses how to handle such problems in the relationships between siblings, such as brother-sister relationship.
Imaginary Friends of Young Children
My son has an imaginary friend. He talks and plays with this "friend" and seems to live in an imaginary world. Is he going to become obsessive or psychotic?
Causes of Learning Disabilities and Dyslexia - Genetic and Biological
Learning disabilities and dyslexia are related to biological and genetic differences.
Children, Child Care, Parents, Parenting Issues and Tips, Bringing up Children
List of links to expert answers about psychological aspects of children and child care.
Maternal Depression and Risk for the Kids
Does a depressive disorder of a mother affect her children?
Difficult Teenagers and Children: What is Oppositional Defiant Disorder?
Description of Oppositional Defiant Disorder
Children with Panic Attacks
Just like adults, children can have panic attacks. They are often associated with emotional stress, such as fear of separation.
Persistent Infant Crying
Persistent crying in young babies is one of the most common problems for parents to seek professional help.
PDD - Pervasive Developmental Disorders, Autism-like Disorders
A list of articles about PDD - Pervasive Developmental Disorders and related disorders involving severe or pervasive difficulties in contacting other people.
Autism symptoms Checklist, Aspergers Syndrome (PDD): Impairment of Child Development and Social Interaction
Pervasive Developmental Disorders (PDD) refers to a group of disorders beginning in early childhood that cause severe impairment in social interaction and development of children.
Baby Blues
Why do some women get depressed after birth of a baby? What is postpartum depression? Why do I have "baby blues"?
Preventing Children from Sexual Abuse
How can I protect children and adolescents from sexual abusement?
Articles about Troubled Teenager, Problem Teenagers
List of articles about teenagers, troubled teenagers and problem teenagers.
Child Psychology; Children´s Development
A collection of articles about children, childrens' world and child psychology.
Learn to Say NO!
There are ways to learn how to say an assertive NO. A simple and direct "NO, I am not able to help you with that" is the best solution. If adding an explanation it should be kept simple.
School Phobia - School Refusal Treatment, Not Wanting to Go To School
School phobia is an anxiety disorder. Children refuse to go to school basically because of fears (fear of seperation, generalised fears) or depression.
Refusal to go to school can be trated by a combination of psychotherapy, educational counseling and medication.
Elective Mutism (Selective Mutism): Our Child does not Speak Anymore ; Social Anxiety Disorder in Children
Children with Elective Mutism Disorder, can not or do not want to speak in certain situations, even though he or she is able to speak in other situations. It is related to social anxiety disorder (social phobia), and need to be treated by an experienced child psychiatrist.
Children´s Sexual Behaviour
Exploring sexual organs is natural for children. But since our culture does not allow this, you will have to set limits for what you allow your children to do.
Brother and Sister Sharing a Bedroom
Up to puberty if both children are comfortable with this.
Children, Stealing and Shoplifting
Children who steal. Shoplifting of children.
How and at Which Age Should a Child Stop Being Breastfed?
Different cultures have different ideas about how long to breast feed. If, however, you want to stop breast feeding, this answer gives some hints on how to achieve this.
Child Molestation Trauma
Typical reactions to trauma and psychological effects of child molestation may be different types of regressive behaviour, a change of social interaction, flashbacks or dissociative symptoms, etc.
Trichotillomania (Compulsive Hair Pulling, TTM) and Related Disorders
What are typical complications associated with trichotillomania (TTM)
Suicide Help, Suicide Facts, Suicide Prevention Awareness
A collection of articles about suicide.
Treatment of Depression - Medication for depression / Psychotherapy
A collection of more than fifty articles about different methods for the treatment of depression (medication for depression, psychotherapy of depressive disorders).
Eating Disorders and Addictive Disorders ; Is Food Addiction Cause of Eating Disorder
List of links to information about eating disorders versus drug and alcohol abuse.
The History Of Anorexia Nervosa and other Eating Disorders
Anorexia Nervosa has since the 1870s been a well-known disease for psychologists and other medical professionals. It took a long time for the general public to get aware of the disease and its processes. Today, the disease is relatively widespread around the Western world, caused by unnatural body ideals.
A Collection of articles about Anorexia - Causes Diagnosis Symptoms Treatment
A large collection of articles about anorexia nervosa, Causes, Signs, Symptoms, Treatment, etc.
Signs and Treatment for Bulimia Nervosa
Answers to many different questions about bulimia nervosa.
Can you have Bulimia Nervosa if you are Overweight?
Yes, you can have Bulimia Nervosa and be overweight. This will happen if you have all the symptoms of Bulimia, but do not get rid of the additional calories to a large enough extent to stay normalweight.
Calories burned - how many calories should I eat
A web page, in which you can compute how many calories (kcal) your body needs per day and how many calories are needed for you to loose weight.
ed-causes - Obesity, Weight Control, Eating Disorders, Causes
Causes of Addiction and Eating Disorders
There are large similarities between eating disorders and drug addiction. Both disorders are methods of suppressing anxiety by stimulation of the reward center in the brain. References to more papers on this.
Is a Slim Woman More Popular?
Do false ideals of beauty lie behind most eating disorders? Is a slim woman more popular and beautiful?
Sugar Addiction and Fast Food Addiction is similar to Alcohol and Drug Abuse
Eating disorders, binge eating, bulimia and often obesity are addictive disorders similar to alcohol and drug abuse. Psychotherapy can help people with these disorders.
Start of Compulsive Eating Attacks
Describes the conditions in which a compulsive eating attack starts.
Factors Causing Ill-Health in our Culture: Normal Girls Pressed to Be Abnormally Slim
Contradictory signals in our culture causes ill-health in teenagers.
Cultural Background of Teen Eating Disorders
4-5 % of teen girls suffer from eating disorder in western societies. This is because of the cultural pressure to become abnormally thin.
Family Responsibility for Eating Disorders; Problems with Parent Involvement
Eating disorders is a family responsibility. Specific elements can be found, such as communication difficulties, incapacity to recognize emotions, serious concerns about weight and body image within the family, etc.
Children Not Eating; Forcing Children to Eat; Eating Disorders in Children
Forcing children to eat can result in these children developing eating disorders later in life.
Genetic Factors causing Eating Disorders
The same genetic factors which predispose addictive disorders such as alcoholism and drug addiction, also increase the risk of eating disorders.
List of Articles about Unnatural Slim and Beauty Ideals
List of a collection of articles about unnatural beauty and slim ideals.
Factors Initiating Eating Disorders
Why and how, in which situations, does an eating disorder start?
Causes of Eating Disorders (Anorexia Nervosa, Bulimia Nervosa, Binge Eating)
A collection of articles about causes of eating disorders.
Eating Disorders Originating Factors
How and why an eating disorder starts.
Causes of Eating Disorders and Obesity in Children and Adults
Eating disorders are often caused by a combination of factors, such as lack of ability to distinguish hunger and satisfaction, eating to suppress uncomfortable feeling, a wish to achieve an unnormal low weight, unsuitable eating habits and life style.
Personality and Eating Disorders; Anorexia People; Bulimia People
People with eating disorders often have low self-esteem, low self-awareness, are prone to extremes, have a need to avoid monotonity.
Eating Disorder Predisposing Factors
Which factors make it more likely that a person will get an eating disorder?
Causes of Relapse of Anorexia Nervosa
Any psychical distress can cause a relapse of anorexia, in the same way as relapses in smoking for a person who has quit smoking.
Excessively Slim Ideals is a Cause of Eating Disorders; Eating Disorders and Fashion Magazines
Eating disorders can be caused by slim ideals from media. Most women today feel that they are under an obligation to be slim.
Slimming can Cause Eating Disorders
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