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Benzodiazepines : Adverse Effects of Benzodiazepines in the Elderly

Written by: Dr. H. Ashton (adaption for Web4health by Martin Winkler)
First version: 22 Jul 2008. Latest version: 28 Jul 2008.

Abstract:

What is the effect of benzodiazepines in elderly people?

Question:

What are the possible adverse effects of benzodiazepines in elderly patients?

Answer:

Older people are more sensitive than younger people to the central nervous system depressant effects of benzodiazepines.

Benzodiazepines can cause

in the elderly and should be avoided wherever possible.

Increased sensitivity to benzodiazepines in older people is partly because they metabolise drugs less efficiently than younger people, so that drug effects last longer and drug accumulation readily occurs with regular use. However, even at the same blood concentration, the depressant effects of benzodiazepines are greater in the elderly, possibly because they have fewer brain cells and less reserve brain capacity than younger people.

For these reasons, it is generally advised that, if benzodiazepines are used in the elderly, dosage should be half that recommended for adults , and use (as for adults) should be short-term (2 weeks) only. In addition, benzodiazepines without active metabolites (e.g. oxazepam [Serax], temazepam [Restoril]) are tolerated better than those with slowly eliminated metabolites (e.g. chlordiazepoxide [Librium], nitrazepam [Mogadon]). Equivalent potencies of different benzodiazepines are approximately the same in older as in younger people.

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Sources, references: http://web4health.info/en/answers/source/bio-benzo-elderly.htm
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